Subject: [IGSREPORT-8732] Wk 1136 EMR Analysis Report
From: Brian Donahue <[email-masked]>
To: [email-masked]
Date: Tue, 30 Oct 2001 16:38:27 GMT

******************************************************************************
IGS Electronic Report   30 Oct 08:38:51 PST 2001      Message Number 8732
******************************************************************************

Author: NRCan/GSDivision

********************************************************************************
EMR ANALYSIS REPORT GPS-WEEK 1136    Dates: 01oct14  to  01oct20                
********************************************************************************

NRCan (Natural Resources Canada, formerly Energy, Mines and Resources (EMR))
615 Booth Street, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0E9
e-mail: [email-masked], [email-masked]
tel:    (613)992-2218 (Pierre Tetreault)
	(613)996-4914 (Caroline Huot)
fax:    (613)995-3215

PRODUCTS GENERATED:
The following products are generated and uploaded into CDDIS @ NASA/GSFC
   EMR11360-6.SP3     GPS ephem. files for days 0-6, week #1136 in sp3 format 
   EMR11367.ERP       pole x,y and DUT1 solutions for week #1136
   EMR11367.SNX       station and EOP weekly combined solution in SINEX format
   EMR11367.SUM       name of this text summary file

REMARKS on EMR products:
1. ALGO receiver clock used as reference time. In the sp3 EPH file sat. clock
   correction value of 999999.999999 microseconds indicates that the direct clock 
   comparison with the reference clock is not available (e.g. ALGO not observing
   a satellite). 
   ALGO clock error & drift were about 614.8 ns (52196) & 13.2 ns/day w.r.t.
   GPS time
 
2.      Date  |  PRN  | Action |     Period     |      Reason
     +--------+-------+--------+----------------+----------------------------+
      01oct14    17       E     00:00 to 23:45   Modeling problems
      01oct17    17       E     00:00 to 23:45   Modeling problems
      01oct19    17       R     00:00 to 23:45   Modeling Problems
     +--------+-------+--------+----------------+----------------------------+
     (R)  Satellite was removed from EMR SP3 file.
     (E)  Satellite was excluded prior to processing data.
     (M)  Satellite in maneuver.

SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS
1. Solution identifier:  Submission 011029
2. Software used      :  GIPSY/OASIS II (UNIX )
3. Definition of Terrestrial frame:
   origin and orientation         :  Nominally IGS97
   reference epoch                :  current date
   GM                             :  398600.4415 km^3/s^2
   gravity model                  :  GEMT3( 8,8) +C21+S21
   ocean loading                  :  Pagiatakis, global_model
4. Solution characteristics:
      undifferenced phase and smoothed pseudorange data for satellite
      elevation > 15 degrees at 7.5 min. normal point interval; single 
      day (24h) arc with 6 IC and 3 rad. parameters per satellite
5. See IGS Mail#928 (April 05, 1995) and IGS Report#1488 (January 16, 1995)
   for more details regarding EMR processing strategy.

CARRIER PHASE / PSEUDO RANGE STATISTICS

Note: F indicates a constrained fiducial site
      E indicates an eclipsing satellite

                             Carrier Phase Statistics
                                 rms (cm) /  # obs  

            01oct14   01oct15   01oct16   01oct17   01oct18   01oct19   01oct20 
          ---------------------------------------------------------------------
ALGO       .47/1553  .51/1600  .40/1595  .36/1558  .39/1580  .43/1586  .38/1589 
AREQ       .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .49/1696 
ARTU       .55/1622  .51/1704  .55/1590  .48/1613  .47/1680  .49/1479  .51/1629 
AUCK       .50/1338  .00/   0  .46/1351  .43/1241  .46/1272  .62/1302  .59/1362 
BAHR       .53/1605  .61/1441  .00/   0  .00/   0  .76/1562  .65/1630  .00/   0 
COCO       .76/1638  .55/1106  .60/1517  .66/1160  .66/1379  .64/1476  .62/1690 
CRO1       .85/1285  .88/1334  .73/1358  .76/1245  .76/1346  .61/1080  .56/1279 
DAV1       .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .46/1701  .47/1357  .42/1287 
DRAO       .45/1587  .50/1466  .61/1636  .59/1607  .45/1634  .52/1603  .46/1649 
EISL       .48/ 599  .59/ 813  .52/ 742  .58/ 711  .49/ 590  .60/ 748  .57/ 754 
FAIR       .00/   0  .00/   0  .71/1337  .00/   0  .00/   0  .61/ 925  .00/   0 
FORT       .81/ 642  .63/ 400  .65/ 585  .71/ 660  .00/   0  .69/ 609  .74/ 629 
GALA       .53/1439  .42/1369  .51/1659  .49/1662  .49/1521  .50/1495  .55/1714 
HOB2       .00/   0  .00/   0  .55/1450  .59/1553  .62/1616  .56/1545  .51/1619 
HRAO       .56/1410  .65/1417  .59/1306  .00/   0  .76/1573  .00/   0  .62/1552 
IISC       .72/1406  .75/1219  .66/1393  .61/1180  .66/1674  .00/   0  .00/   0 
IRKT       .00/   0  .00/   0  .44/1203  .47/1046  .53/1304  .50/1148  .47/1139 
KERG       .69/1359  .00/   0  .64/1136  .60/1408  .00/   0  .74/1461  .75/1490 
KOKB       .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .59/1452  .00/   0 
KOSG       .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .45/1618  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0 
KOUR       .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .68/1437  .00/   0  .68/1662 
KWJ1       .00/   0  .00/   0  .66/ 700  .62/ 923  .75/1306  .53/1186  .57/1273 
LHAS       .55/1520  .56/1615  .53/1589  .57/1462  .53/1442  .59/1397  .00/   0 
MALI       .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0 1.04/1420  .00/   0  .00/   0 1.04/1398 
MAS1       .56/1372  .57/1374  .59/1334  .45/1187  .52/1263  .54/1394  .54/1508 
MCM4       .45/ 589  .46/ 803  .52/ 688  .45/ 846  .45/ 640  .51/ 572  .55/ 763 
MKEA       .65/1583  .72/1599  .70/1361  .62/1353  .63/1481  .00/   0  .67/1331 
NKLG       .77/1487  .87/1429  .85/1166  .85/1189  .91/1408  .90/1393  .89/1449 
NRC1       .56/1551  .59/1594  .45/1591  .39/1514  .39/1585  .42/1538  .42/1507 
NYAL       .00/   0  .00/   0  .41/1461  .42/1440  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0 
OHIG       .00/   0  .00/   0  .45/1435  .47/1422  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0 
ONSA       .47/1634  .52/1709  .00/   0  .00/   0  .46/1705  .51/1508  .49/ 847 
PERT       .52/1504  .56/1543  .49/1515  .54/1503  .56/1557  .59/1433  .74/1460 
PIE1       .53/1198  .53/1244  .61/1191  .41/1006  .45/1212  .41/ 829  .44/ 967 
RIOG       .50/1452  .47/1509  .00/   0  .00/   0  .47/1547  .47/1484  .48/1591 
SANT       .50/1413  .54/1489  .54/1430  .45/1455  .51/1494  .51/1535  .00/   0 
STJO       .50/1590  .62/1231  .74/1589  .46/1542  .71/1577  .54/1510  .48/1567 
SUTH       .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .48/1009  .00/   0  .53/ 991  .00/   0 
SYOG       .60/1249  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0 
THU1       .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .00/   0  .75/ 955  .73/ 898  .65/ 712 
TIXI       .45/1588  .47/1901  .47/1751  .43/1874  .44/1861  .43/1262  .43/1498 
TOW2       .49/1638  .64/1723  .59/1583  .74/1490  .62/1674  .61/1633  .81/1347 
TSKB       .51/ 975  .58/1084  .53/ 932  .44/ 994  .54/1055  .52/ 791  .00/   0 
USNO       .66/1543  .70/1396  .57/1568  .56/1549  .51/1562  .49/1341  .51/1490 
VILL       .60/1592  .63/1673  .00/   0  .00/   0  .84/1649  .81/1407  .66/1622 
YELL       .44/1370  .46/1471  .69/1324  .40/1507  .38/1710  .37/1142  .36/1170 

PRN01      .46/1294  .54/1439  .52/1571  .53/1757  .52/1665  .51/1700  .58/1773 
PRN02 E    .82/1581  .80/1159  .74/1367  .70/1242  .77/1699  .78/1583  .76/1383 
PRN03      .49/1819  .54/1628  .60/1642  .53/1843  .53/1910  .52/1812  .50/1792 
PRN04      .60/1602  .55/1433  .56/1618  .55/1722  .59/1816  .54/1696  .61/1799 
PRN05 E    .79/1582  .87/1278  .76/1602  .69/1426  .69/1619  .65/1674  .73/1592 
PRN06      .51/1702  .55/1409  .52/1629  .57/1743  .58/1917  .55/1673  .64/1669 
PRN07      .59/1723  .59/1557  .56/1741  .54/1774  .57/1852  .59/1852  .64/1707 
PRN08      .52/1691  .55/1513  .49/1789  .54/1841  .52/1874  .54/1870  .57/1870 
PRN09      .58/1692  .58/1461  .62/1704  .52/1767  .58/1834  .52/1828  .52/1621 
PRN10 E    .64/1574  .67/1409  .54/1649  .59/1703  .63/1788  .57/1612  .61/1688 
PRN11      .54/1836  .53/1664  .54/1322  .47/1419  .56/1966  .51/1980  .52/1938 
PRN13      .50/1744  .56/1591  .49/1757  .55/1876  .56/1938  .53/1806  .59/1828 
PRN14      .55/1699  .54/1345  .56/1674  .52/1824  .58/1899  .56/1796  .59/1723 
PRN15      .49/1651  .50/1458  .47/1307  .55/1563  .52/1784  .53/1492  .59/1646 
PRN17      .00/   0  .56/1431  .56/1466  .00/   0  .53/1820  .75/1166  .46/1406 
PRN18 E    .57/1780  .59/1486  .52/1585  .52/1779  .64/1908  .55/1613  .60/1666 
PRN20 E    .60/1244  .60/1383  .51/1235  .57/1562  .61/1737  .54/1729  .60/1767 
PRN21 E    .56/1634  .65/1344  .64/1437  .59/1470  .63/1652  .62/1518  .60/1317 
PRN22 E    .58/1088  .73/1299  .62/1131  .69/1656  .64/1750  .56/1714  .57/1602 
PRN23 E    .60/1782  .62/1423  .58/1539  .61/1788  .65/1856  .66/1467  .66/1563 
PRN24      .60/1647  .58/1478  .62/1708  .56/1748  .62/1558  .63/1784  .65/1791 
PRN25      .54/1697  .60/1452  .54/1647  .54/1711  .52/1746  .54/1764  .63/1779 
PRN26      .64/1628  .61/1487  .58/1774  .54/1735  .59/1854  .56/1832  .60/1667 
PRN27      .50/1766  .49/1437  .57/1753  .43/1320  .49/1786  .54/1071  .48/1089 
PRN28 E    .60/1693  .55/1380  .58/1476  .49/1751  .56/1824  .54/1680  .62/1592 
PRN29      .53/1720  .57/1509  .68/1652  .54/1800  .58/1847  .53/1725  .54/1690 
PRN30 E    .56/1600  .61/1203  .64/1518  .62/1312  .61/1653  .55/1654  .62/1535 
PRN31      .53/1862  .59/1600  .57/1773  .54/1815  .58/2000  .46/1049  .53/1747 

                             Pseudo Range Statistics
                                rms (cm) /  # obs

            01oct14   01oct15   01oct16   01oct17   01oct18   01oct19   01oct20 
          ---------------------------------------------------------------------
ALGO        30/1553   32/1600   30/1595   30/1558   30/1580   29/1586   32/1590 
AREQ         0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0   27/1697 
ARTU        28/1623   30/1704   29/1590   29/1613   29/1680   29/1479   29/1630 
AUCK        54/1338    0/   0   54/1354   57/1241   58/1272   60/1302   56/1362 
BAHR        27/1605   27/1443    0/   0    0/   0   26/1563   26/1632    0/   0 
COCO        20/1639   19/1106   19/1517   19/1160   19/1379   20/1476   22/1690 
CRO1        33/1289   31/1338   35/1358   33/1245   33/1349   34/1080   33/1279 
DAV1         0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0   27/1701   28/1357   25/1287 
DRAO        31/1587   36/1467   34/1636   35/1607   32/1634   36/1603   38/1649 
EISL        76/ 599   75/ 814   83/ 744   74/ 711   69/ 590   65/ 750   73/ 754 
FAIR         0/   0    0/   0   21/1337    0/   0    0/   0   18/ 928    0/   0 
FORT        77/ 643   83/ 400   77/ 588    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0   83/ 618 
GALA        27/1441   26/1369   28/1659   27/1663   28/1521   28/1495   29/1714 
HOB2         0/   0    0/   0   38/1450   42/1554   38/1618   41/1547   41/1619 
HRAO        67/1411   74/1420   67/1307    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0 
IISC        50/1406   51/1220   50/1393   55/1180   51/1674    0/   0    0/   0 
IRKT         0/   0    0/   0   58/1205   59/1048   65/1305   68/1151   68/1142 
KERG        53/1360    0/   0   59/1138   60/1411    0/   0   60/1462   63/1490 
KOKB         0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0   48/1453    0/   0 
KOSG         0/   0    0/   0    0/   0   31/1618    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0 
KOUR         0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0   47/1437    0/   0   48/1662 
KWJ1         0/   0    0/   0   79/ 690   41/ 922    0/   0   36/1189   33/1273 
LHAS        28/1522   27/1617   27/1591   26/1462   26/1443   26/1397    0/   0 
MALI         0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0   67/1400 
MAS1        36/1376   37/1377   37/1337   35/1187   37/1266   34/1394   36/1510 
MCM4        48/ 589   51/ 803   50/ 688   51/ 846   54/ 640   49/ 572   49/ 763 
MKEA        21/1585   22/1601   22/1362   20/1355   21/1482    0/   0   24/1331 
NKLG        70/1487   67/1431   69/1168   69/1189   68/1408   73/1393   71/1449 
NRC1        33/1551   35/1594   39/1591   38/1514   39/1585   38/1538   35/1507 
NYAL         0/   0    0/   0   33/1461   32/1440    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0 
OHIG         0/   0    0/   0   40/1435   41/1422    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0 
ONSA        38/1634   38/1709    0/   0    0/   0   38/1705   38/1508   38/ 847 
PERT        57/1505   55/1545   56/1517   57/1504   60/1558   59/1434   63/1460 
PIE1        68/1198   67/1246   66/1193   62/1006   66/1212   64/ 830   64/ 969 
RIOG        38/1454   34/1512    0/   0    0/   0   29/1549   28/1486   29/1594 
SANT        35/1413   39/1493   36/1433   29/1455   30/1498   21/1537    0/   0 
STJO        28/1590   30/1231   32/1594   32/1542   33/1581   28/1510   29/1567 
SUTH         0/   0    0/   0    0/   0   66/1009    0/   0   63/ 993    0/   0 
SYOG        39/1249    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0 
THU1         0/   0    0/   0    0/   0    0/   0   51/ 955   52/ 899   47/ 713 
TIXI        36/1588   35/1901   35/1751   36/1874   35/1861   35/1262   36/1498 
TOW2        20/1640   19/1728   20/1585   18/1491   19/1675   21/1633   19/1349 
TSKB        62/ 977   66/1086   63/ 932   56/ 996   60/1055   57/ 793    0/   0 
USNO        36/1543   51/1397   36/1568   34/1549   37/1562   39/1341   37/1491 
VILL        33/1593   33/1674    0/   0    0/   0   34/1649   34/1407   34/1622 
YELL        42/1370   41/1471   33/1324   32/1507   35/1710   29/1142   29/1170 

PRN01       38/1294   37/1439   40/1571   43/1657   36/1581   37/1681   45/1713 
PRN02 E     40/1601   39/1184   41/1386   43/1210   37/1618   37/1551   43/1352 
PRN03       41/1819   39/1628   42/1642   42/1743   35/1789   42/1777   39/1730 
PRN04       49/1603   48/1433   48/1618   42/1622   42/1711   42/1661   44/1742 
PRN05 E     43/1584   41/1286   49/1608   43/1409   43/1502   40/1675   40/1532 
PRN06       43/1703   43/1409   44/1629   43/1666   41/1807   39/1673   42/1598 
PRN07       43/1723   41/1559   45/1741   42/1708   41/1775   38/1809   41/1658 
PRN08       37/1691   37/1513   39/1789   38/1716   38/1791   41/1835   40/1832 
PRN09       40/1692   40/1461   40/1703   38/1727   35/1710   38/1803   42/1577 
PRN10 E     47/1575   46/1411   48/1650   48/1625   41/1665   46/1587   47/1638 
PRN11       41/1836   40/1664   48/1322   39/1303   42/1873   40/1911   46/1896 
PRN13       47/1744   50/1591   47/1757   44/1787   46/1856   42/1785   49/1776 
PRN14       43/1699   44/1345   42/1674   43/1742   41/1773   41/1797   44/1630 
PRN15       44/1651   41/1458   43/1307   43/1492   40/1708   45/1492   49/1607 
PRN17        0/   0   41/1431   42/1466    0/   0   37/1786   43/1168   38/1369 
PRN18 E     43/1780   42/1486   42/1584   39/1732   40/1794   41/1613   42/1590 
PRN20 E     40/1244   52/1383   42/1235   45/1507   47/1635   46/1721   50/1698 
PRN21 E     39/1634   41/1344   41/1440   39/1411   37/1564   38/1519   42/1317 
PRN22 E     41/1088   53/1301   43/1131   48/1546   47/1629   45/1688   44/1519 
PRN23 E     42/1782   42/1423   45/1538   42/1753   41/1754   47/1472   43/1517 
PRN24       44/1649   41/1478   43/1708   42/1685   42/1450   43/1752   44/1735 
PRN25       44/1697   48/1452   46/1645   43/1596   43/1607   45/1749   50/1673 
PRN26       41/1628   46/1488   43/1773   39/1681   40/1727   41/1804   41/1618 
PRN27       40/1766   38/1438   41/1753   35/1217   38/1705   41/1024   45/1050 
PRN28 E     42/1693   42/1380   42/1476   43/1668   41/1738   46/1639   43/1551 
PRN29       40/1720   43/1509   44/1651   42/1723   40/1710   42/1725   43/1601 
PRN30 E     47/1600   45/1203   51/1521   44/1268   44/1535   42/1654   43/1481 
PRN31       45/1862   38/1600   47/1773   40/1685   42/1904   36/ 994   41/1696 

                         Station Clock Offsets Solution for 0h UT
                               (microsecond / sigma in ns)

       01oct14   01oct15   01oct16   01oct17   01oct18   01oct19   01oct20  sig 
       ------------------------------------------------------------------------
ALGO       REF       REF       REF       REF       REF       REF       REF   --
AREQ       ---       ---       ---       ---       ---       ---  133.8699   .3
ARTU    -.6636*   -.6818*   -.6801*   -.6963*   -.6922*   -.7125*   -.7429*  .3
AUCK    -.6352       ---    -.6129    -.6643    -.7070    -.7317    -.9129   .3
BAHR  838.6212  838.6160       ---       ---  838.5961  838.5880       ---   .3
COCO    -.6239    -.6503    -.6622    -.6496    -.6895    -.6777    -.7105   .3
CRO1  789.3943  789.3806  789.3672  789.3524  789.3392  789.3245  789.3103   .3
DAV1       ---       ---       ---       ---    -.6818    -.7149    -.7039   .4
DRAO     .2439    -.1043    -.1108    -.1167    -.1220    -.1284    -.1347   .3
EISL    -.8064*   -.7791    -.8415    -.7032    -.8359*   -.8352    -.6586   .6
FAIR       ---       ---    -.8616       ---       ---    -.8994       ---   .4
FORT     .7962     .7980     .8029       ---       ---       ---     .8156   .5
GALA    -.7724    -.8020    -.7989*   -.8323    -.8564    -.8461    -.8607   .4
HOB2       ---       ---    1.5615    1.5567    1.5536    1.5503    1.5455   .3
HRAO  243.1295  185.8052  185.6724       ---       ---       ---       ---   .4
IISC    -.6879    -.7044    -.7310*   -.7252    -.7392       ---       ---   .3
IRKT       ---       ---   -1.0666   -1.0810   -1.0957   -1.1116   -1.1273   .3
KERG    8.4163*      ---    8.1280*   7.9783*      ---    7.6799*   7.5362*  .3
KOKB       ---       ---       ---       ---       ---    -.5671       ---   .8
KOSG       ---       ---       ---    !!ms!!       ---       ---       ---   .3
KOUR       ---       ---       ---       ---    -.8162       ---    -.8634   .4
KWJ1       ---       ---    -.6529    -.6793       ---   -1.2356*  -1.1763*  .9
LHAS    -.6030    -.6250    -.6389    -.6521    -.6725    -.6858       ---   .3
MALI       ---       ---       ---       ---       ---       ---   79.4676   .3
MAS1   58.5679   58.5321   58.5087   58.4828   58.4759   58.4609   58.4456   .3
MCM4   58.0685   83.7073    7.6834   20.4571*  46.2987    7.3285*  33.0299   .9
MKEA    -.7892    -.8218    -.8155    -.8437    -.8625       ---    -.8741   .3
NKLG  538.1028  352.2078  167.7346  981.2396  799.1181  618.7007  440.9347   .7
NRC1   -1.0556   -1.0717   -1.0868   -1.1025   -1.1184   -1.1351   -1.1504   .3
NYAL       ---       ---    -.6677    -.6835*      ---       ---       ---   .3
OHIG       ---       ---    -.6425    -.6797       ---       ---       ---   .3
ONSA  312.1458  311.9915       ---       ---  311.4533  311.2932  311.1324   .3
PERT    -.7049    -.7215    -.7335    -.7515    -.7655    -.8003    -.7874   .3
PIE1    -.7867    -.8173    -.8478    -.8781    -.9087    -.9387    -.9699   .3
RIOG    -.7282    -.7481       ---       ---    -.7859    -.8003    -.8205   .3
SANT    -.7844    -.7704    -.8283*   -.7955    -.8497    -.8299       ---   .3
STJO    -.0898     .1714     .1020    -.1408    -.3852    -.6023    -.7279   .3
SUTH       ---       ---       ---    -.6565       ---    -.6915       ---   .4
SYOG  285.6373*      ---       ---       ---       ---       ---       ---   .3
THU1       ---       ---       ---       ---    -.6655    -.7060    -.6860   .5
TIXI    -.7204*   -.7371*   -.7594*   -.7504*   -.7547*   -.7929*   -.7923*  .3
TOW2    -.6554    -.6417    -.6569    -.6625    -.6848    -.7160    -.6886   .3
TSKB   -1.5870   -1.6089   -1.6328   -1.6514   -1.6714   -1.6912       ---   .6
USNO    -.6871    -.6989    -.7122    -.7247    -.7366    -.7492    -.7619   .3
VILL    -.6902    -.7114       ---       ---    -.7369    -.7663    -.7800   .3
YELL    -.4861    -.4943    -.5027    -.5108    -.5188    -.5281    -.5365   .4

Notes: * indicates epoch other than 0h UT
       Sig are sigmas, in ns, averaged over 7 days
       !!ms!! indicates offsets greater than 1 millisecond
 
global: ALGO AREQ ARTU AUCK BAHR COCO CRO1 DAV1 DRAO EISL FAIR FORT GALA HOB2
global: HRAO IISC IRKT KERG KOKB KOSG KOUR KWJ1 LHAS MALI MAS1 MCM4 MKEA NKLG
global: NRC1 NYAL OHIG ONSA PERT PIE1 RIOG SANT STJO SUTH SYOG THU1 TIXI TOW2
global: TSKB USNO VILL YELL
--